Perceived Stress and Coping Strategies among Individuals with Bipolar Affective Disorder and Control Group

Abstract

Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD) is a recurrent, episodic condition in which individuals face ongoing stress due to the unpredictability of mood episodes. Worry about relapse, disruption in daily life and emotional instability adds to this stress. It is crucial to observe perceived stress and coping strategies for better treatment outcomes in BPAD. Aim: To assess and compare the perceived stress and coping strategies in individuals with BPAD and normal Control. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted among individuals with bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) receiving treatment from the outpatient department of CIIMHANS, Dewada, Chhattisgarh, India, and normal controls recruited from nearby areas (Tendesara and Kopedih). A total of 50 individuals with BPAD and 50 normal controls were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using a socio-demographic datasheet, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the COPE Inventory to compare stress levels and coping strategies between the two groups. Results: Individuals with bipolar affective disorder showed significantly lower use of coping strategies across all domains and reported higher levels of perceived stress compared to normal controls. All coping domains were negatively correlated with perceived stress, indicating that lower coping skills were associated with higher stress levels. Conclusion: Individuals with BPAD experience higher stress and maladaptive coping than normal controls. Strengthening coping skills and improving stress management may help enhance emotional stability and overall functioning in this population.